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Pontos de nível PRO: 20, Perguntas respondidas: 14
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inglês para indonésio: The Arms Trade is Big Business
Texto de origem - inglês World Military Spending Out Does Anything Else
Global military expenditure and arms trade form the largest spending in the world at over $950 billion in annual expenditure, as noted by the prestigious Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SPIRI), for 2003. Furthermore:
World military spending in 2003 increased by about 11 per cent in real terms. This is a remarkable rate of increase, even more so given that it was preceded by an increase of 6.5 per cent in 2002.
* Over two years world military spending increased by 18 per cent in real terms, to reach $956 billion (in current dollars) in 2003.
* High-income countries account for about 75 per cent of world military spending but only 16 per cent of world population.
* The combined military spending of these countries was slightly higher than the aggregate foreign debt of all low-income countries and 10 times higher than their combined levels of official development assistance in 2001.
* … There is a large gap between what countries are prepared to allocate for military means to provide security and maintain their global and regional power status, on the one hand, and to alleviate poverty and promote economic development, on the other.
The main reason for the increase in world military spending is the massive increase in the United States, which accounts for almost half of the world total…. In the absence of [appropriations for the new war on terror, and on Iraq], US military expenditure would still show a significant increase, but at a much slower rate, and world military spending would show a rise of 4 per cent rather than 11 per cent in 2003.
… While US military expenditure is set to continue to grow and will continue to propel world military spending, the pace is likely to fall back somewhat in the next few years. In the longer term it is doubtful whether current levels will be economically and politically sustainable.
— Elisabeth Skons, Catalina Perdomo, Sam Perlo-Freeman and Petter Stalenheim, Military expenditure, Chapter 10, SPIRI Yearbook 2004, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, June 9, 2004
Tradução - indonésio Bisnis Besar Perdagangan Senjata
Anggaran Militer Dunia Melebihi Sektor Lain
Anggaran militer dan perdagangan senjata global merupakan pengeluaran terbesar di dunia hingga mencapai angka 950 juta Dollar per tahun, sebagaimana dilaporkan oleh Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SPIRI) pada 2003. Lebih jauh lagi;
Anggaran Militer Dunia pada 2003 meningkat sekira 11 persen dari angka sebelumnya. Ini merupakan peningkatan yang mencengangkan setelah sebelumnya pada 2002 anggaran itu meningkat sebanyak 6,5 persen.
• Selama dua tahun, anggaran militer dunia telah meningkat sebesar 18 persen hingga mencapai 956 juta Dollar (berdasarkan kurs sekarang) pada 2003.
• Anggaran militer negara-negara berpendapatan tinggi mencapai 75 persen dari total anggaran militer dunia, sementara penduduknya hanya mencapai 16 persen dari populasi dunia.
• Total anggaran negara-negara tersebut jauh lebih besar dari keseluruhan utang luar negeri yang ditanggung semua negara-negara berpendapatan rendah dan 10 kali lipat lebih besar dari bantuan pembangunan resmi pada 2001.
• …Ada jurang lebar antara negara-negara yang menyediakan alokasi militer untuk menjamin keamanan dan mempertahankan status kekuatan global dan regional di satu sisi, dan anggaran untuk mengurangi kemiskinan dan meningkatkan perkembangan ekonomi di sisi lain.
Alasan utama meningkatnya anggaran militer ialah adanya peningkatan besar-besaran yang dilakukan Amerika Serikat, yang mencapai hampir setengah dari total anggaran dunia… Dalam kondisi tidak adanya alokasi dana untuk perang baru melawan teror, dan juga Irak, anggaran militer AS tetap masih menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan, walau peningkatannya tampak perlahan, sehingga anggaran militer dunia hanya menunjukkan peningkatan sebesar 4 persen, bukan 11 persen seperti pada 2003.
…Meskipun anggaran militer AS menunjukkan kecenderungan untuk meningkat dan akan terus memacu peningkatan anggaran militer dunia, lajunya dalam kurun beberapa tahun terakhir justru tampak mengendur. Dalam jangka panjang, perlu dipertanyakan apakah level yang dicapai saat ini dapat berlanjut secara ekonomi maupun politik.
— Elisabeth Skons, Catalina Perdomo, Sam Perlo-Freeman dan Petter Stalenheim, Military expenditure, Bab 10, SPIRI Yearbook 2004, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, 9 Juni 2004.
inglês para indonésio: Sensational Seattle General field: Outra Detailed field: Turismo e viagem
Texto de origem - inglês Sensational Seattle
A green city by the sea, named one of the most literate in the nation, Seattle is all about coffee beans, bytes and bikes, plus a whole lot more.
By Connie McDougall
We know what you’re thinking: Is it going to rain when I’m in Seattle? Let’s get this whole rain thing out of the way in order to fully focus on what makes Seattle such a terrific place to visit (which, it must be said, does include rain, contributing to the city’s lush foliage and nickname, the Emerald City). Seattle’s reputation for being one of the rainiest places on Earth is not entirely deserved. Chicago, Miami and even New York City get more rain than Seattle. However, Seattle’s rain tends to come in daily drizzle accumulating over many months while other cities get a deluge and then it’s over for awhile.
But here’s the good news. Warm, sunny weather reliably arrives by July and when it does, the views are glorious in every direction. This outpost in the northwest corner of the United States, a few hours from the Pacific Ocean and Canadian border, is literally surrounded by stunning natural beauty.
Tradução - indonésio Seattle yang Sensasional
Sebuah kota hijau di tepi laut, salah satu kota yang paling melek di negaranya, Seattle adalah kotanya biji kopi, byte dan sepeda, ditambah banyak lagi.
oleh Connie McDougall
Kami tahu apa yang Anda pikirkan: Apakah akan turun hujan ketika saya sedang berada di Seattle? Mari kita singkirkan kekhawatiran soal hujan itu supaya kita bisa sepenuhnya berfokus pada apa yang membuat Seattle menjadi tempat yang hebat untuk diunjungi (yang semuanya, termasuk hujan, memberikan kontribusi terhadap kerimbunan kota dan nama panggilannya sebagai Emerald City). Reputasi Seattle sebagai salah satu tempat dengan curah hujan tertinggi di dunia tidak sepenuhnya layak. Chicago, Miami dan bahkan New York City mendapatkan hujan lebih banyak dari Seattle. Namun, hujan Seattle cenderung datang dalam gerimis sehari-hari selama berbulan-bulan sementara kota-kota lain hanya mendapatkan hujan besar sesekali lalu menghilang untuk sementara waktu.
Tapi inilah kabar baiknya. Cuaca yang hangat dan cerah bias diharapkan kehadirannya pada bulan Juli dan ketika itu terjadi, pemandangannya sangat mempesona di segala arah. Kota yang terletak di sudut barat laut Amerika Serikat ini, berjarak hanya beberapa jam dari Samudera Pasifik dan perbatasan Kanada, secara harfiah dikelilingi oleh keindahan alam yang menakjubkan.
inglês para indonésio: Strategic Estimate 2011 General field: Ciências Humanas Detailed field: Governo/política
Texto de origem - inglês The global power balance has been in a churning state ever since the turn of the millennium. The disintegration of the Soviet Union enabled the United States global strategic predominance to be unrivalled and unquestioned. Concerned by America’s unilateralism, Russia and China as the two nations most strategically affected set in motion two significant initiatives to offset the US predominance. Russia under the dynamic leadership of President Putin set Russia on a course of strategic and military resurgence. This was facilitated by rising Russian oil revenues. China with significant economic resources at its disposal embarked on a strategic build-up of its strategic assets and military upgradation. The United States decade-old strategic global predominance was now to be under challenge by Russia and China. These strategic challenges by these two nations became further accentuated as a result of the United States getting inextricably tied down militarily in Afghanistan and Iraq.
(Strategic Estimate 2011 by Adnan Khan)
Tradução - indonésio Keseimbangan kekuatan global telah mengalami perubahan sejak pergantian milenium. Disintegrasi Uni Soviet memungkinkan dominasi strategi global Amerika Serikat menjadi semakin tidak tertandingi dan tidak terbantahkan. Dilandasi kekhawatiran terhadap unilateralisme Amerika, Rusia dan Cina, sebagai dua negara yang secara strategis paling terkena dampaknya, kemudian melakukan dua inisiatif yang signifikan untuk mengimbangi dominasi AS. Kepemimpinan dinamis Presiden Putin membawa Rusia pada program kebangkitan strategis dan militer. Ini difasilitasi oleh meningkatnya pendapatan minyak Rusia. Cina dengan sumber daya ekonominya yang signifikan secara strategis mampu membangun peningkatan kualitas aset strategis dan militer. Dominasi strategis global Amerika Serikat yang berumur satu dekade sekarang mendapat tantangan serius dari Rusia dan Cina. Tantangan-tantangan strategis dari kedua negara ini semakin kentara sejak militer Amerika Serikat semakin terikat di Afghanistan dan Irak.
(Strategic Estimate 2011 oleh Adnan Khan)
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Formação educacional em tradução
Bachelor's degree - Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (Indonesia University of Education)
Experiência
Anos de experiência em tradução: 24 Registrado no ProZ.com: Aug 2008. Tornou-se associado em: Feb 2011
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Bio
With a background in English Pedagogy with concentration in Translating and Interpreting Program, I am a certified English-Indonesian translator dedicated to delivering professional and quality translation services.
Professional Membership
Association of Indonesian Translators (Himpunan Penerjemah Indonesia - HPI)
American Translators Association (ATA)
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HPI Certified TSN/2013/1/01U/015.
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English - Sundanese
Este associado ganhou pontos KudoZ por ajudar outros tradutores com termos de nível PRO. Clicar nos totais de pontos para ver as traduções de termos fornecidas.
Palavras-chave Indonesian Translator, English to Indonesian Translator, English Indonesian Translator, English Indonesian Translation, English Indonesian Website Localization, English Indonesian Medical Translation, English Indonesian Business Translation, English Indonesian Finance Translation, English Indonesian Information and Technology Translation, English Indonesian IT Translation. See more.Indonesian Translator, English to Indonesian Translator, English Indonesian Translator, English Indonesian Translation, English Indonesian Website Localization, English Indonesian Medical Translation, English Indonesian Business Translation, English Indonesian Finance Translation, English Indonesian Information and Technology Translation, English Indonesian IT Translation, English Indonesian Technical Translation, Penerjemah Inggris Indonesia, Website Localization, CAT Tools, SDL Trados Studio 2017, MemoQ, Wordfast, XTM, Smartling, English to Sundanese, Native Indonesian, Native Sundanese, . See less.
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