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espanhol para inglês - Taxa: 0.03 - 0.08 USD por palavra / 25 - 30 USD por hora inglês para espanhol - Taxa: 0.03 - 0.08 USD por palavra / 25 - 30 USD por hora
Pontos de nível PRO: 442, Perguntas respondidas: 360, Perguntas feitas: 9
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espanhol para inglês: Biodiversidad en campos de frutales/Biodiversity in fruits orchards General field: Ciência Detailed field: Agricultura
Texto de origem - espanhol La agricultura ecológica debe basar su riqueza, sobre todo, en su capacidad de crear sistemas biodiversos, porque los sistemas agrarios tienden a ser más sostenibles cuanta más diversidad contienen. Por tanto nuestro objetivo será propiciar que crezcan equilibradas el mayor número de especies vegetales. Esta premisa también es aplicable a los campos de frutales, pero vamos a ver cómo y cuándo hacerlo, porque como trabajamos con algo vivo y observando la naturaleza, veremos también algunas excepciones
Tradução - inglês Ecological Agriculture should base its wealth, above all, on its ability to create biodiverse systems considering that agricultural systems tend to be more sustainable the more diversity they contain. For that reason our goal will be to promote a balanced grow of as many plant species as possible. This premise is also applicable to fruit orchards, although care should be taken on how and when to do it since we are working with living organisms and thus, by observing nature we will also detect some exceptions.
espanhol para inglês: Sample text about Fisheries General field: Ciência Detailed field: Pesca
Texto de origem - espanhol EVALUATION REPORT OF THE BASELINE STUDY PHASE I CORRESPONDING TO THE MARINE AVIFAUNA AND MAMMALS COMPONENT OF THE VALENTINES PROJECT
July, 2011
The species with higher relative abundance considering both environments were the groups of terns Sterna sp. (32,2%), followed by Larus dominicanus (30%), Sternula superciliaris (13,5%), Thalasseus maximus (5,6%), Haematopus palliatus (2,5%) and Procellaria aequinoctialis (2,4%) (Table 2). It is important to highlight that the most abundant species are also the most frequent. The Export Terminal area was the most diverse.
Table 2. Relative Abundance (%) and specific bird diversity in the study area (coastal and marine environments), separated by zones, between January and February of 2011. *Includes individuals not identified by species due to large flying flocks.
The 33 species of marine and coastal birds found in the Baseline Study in the area between La Esmeralda and Punta Palmar, represent 15% of the avifauna that inhabits the marine and coastal environments (beach) in Uruguay, according to the lists and studies by Escalante (1970), Arballo and Cravino (1999), Azpiroz (2003), Claramunt and Cuello (2004) and Aldabe et al. (2006). The family Sternidae was the most diverse, with five species represented.
A total of 72 bird species have been recorded for the Eastern and Southern coastal areas of Uruguay, on the beach environment (referred to as coastal in the Baseline Study) and 38 species for the littoral waters (referred to as marine in the Baseline Study), according to data obtained through literature review, records and observations of bird species between 1950 and 2006 (Aldabe et al. 2006). Under both environments, the prevailing family regarding diversity is Laridae with a maximum of 15 species, followed by Scolopacidae (9) and Tyrannidae and Charadriidae (8) in littoral waters. All these families have been recorded in the Baseline Study.
Alfaro and Clara (2007) recorded a total of 24 species in the Rocha Lagoon (Department of Rocha) between October 2000 and November 2001, being Sterna Hirundinacea the most abundant Nearctic species and Larus dominicanus the most abundant resident species.
More recently, Caballero-Sadi (2009) carried out a study on aquatic birds at the mouth of the Maldonado Stream (34e54'37S-54e52'24W), Department of Maldonado, between May 2007 and April 2008, where 33 bird species and 12 families were recorded among which Larus dominicanus, Rynchops niger, Phalacrocorax brasilianus, Egretta thula, Haematopus palliatus, Vanellus chilensis and Himantopus himantopus stood out, all of them recorded in the Baseline Study.
Finally, Sarroca et al. (2006), recorded a total of 61 species and 28 families on the coast of Montevideo (Punta Carretas – Arroyo Carrasco) between October 2001 and October 2002, with a seasonal variation both in composition and abundance, Larus dominicanus standing out as the most frequent and abundant.
At regional level, the South of Brazil has a total of 83 species of marine and coastal birds (Vooren 1998). In particular, on the Cassino beach, RS, Brazil, 33 bird species were recorded between May 1982 and December 1986 (Vooren and Chiaradia 1990), including seven species of Sterna and three of Larus. In the Southeastern region of Buenos Aires, during July 2005 and June 2006, 17 bird species and 11 families were recorded, where Chroicocephalus maculipennis and Larus dominicanus stood out.
These comparisons show that the diversity of birds found on the study area during the Baseline Study falls within the ranges observed for Uruguayan and regional coastal environments, even considering the fact that the surveyed area was of a lesser extent both of coast and sea and of less sampling effort (one month in summer) with respect to the comparative studies. This last remark may indicate that the area under study could even show a higher diversity if the sampling effort is increased.
Tradução - inglês INFORME DE EVALUACION DE LA INFORMACION DEL ESTUDIO DE LÍNEA DE BASE FASE I PARA EL COMPONENTE AVIFAUNA Y MASTOFAUNA MARINA PROYECTO VALENTINES
Julio, 2011
Las especies con mayor abundancia relativa, considerando ambos ambientes, fueron los grupos de gaviotines Sterna sp. (32,2%), seguidos por la gaviota cocinera (30%), el gaviotín pico amarillo (13,5%), el gaviotín real (5,6%), el ostrero (2,5%) y el petrel garganta blanca (2,4%) (Tabla 2). Es importante destacar que las especies más abundantes corresponden también a las más frecuentes. La zona del Terminal de Exportación se mostró como la más diversa.
Tabla 2. Abundancia Relativa (%) y diversidad específica de aves en toda el área de estudio (ambientes marino y costero), separado por zonas, entre enero y febrero de 2011.* Incluye individuos no identificados por especie debido a grandes bandadas volando.
Las 33 especies de aves marinas y costeras encontradas en el Estudio de Línea de Base en la zona entre La Esmeralda y Punta Palmar, representan el 15% de la avifauna que utilizan los ambientes marinos y costeros (playa) en Uruguay, según las listas y estudios de Escalante (1970), Arballo y Cravino (1999), Azpiroz (2003), Claramunt y Cuello (2004) y Aldabe et al. (2006). La familia Sternidae presentó la mayor riqueza, con cinco especies representadas.
En la costa E y S del Uruguay han sido registradas un total de 72 especies de aves en el ambiente playa (referido como costero en el Estudio de Línea de Base) y 38 especies para las aguas litorales (referido como marino en el Estudio de Línea de Base), a través de la recopilación de información bibliográfica, registros y observaciones de especies de aves entre los años 1950 y 2006 (Aldabe et al. 2006). En ambos ambientes, la familia dominante en cuanto a riqueza es Laridae con un máximo de 15 especies, seguida por Scolopacidae (9) y Tyrannidae y Charadriidae (8) en las aguas litorales. Todas estas familias fueron registradas en el Estudio de Línea de Base.
Alfaro y Clara (2007) registraron un total de 24 especies en la Laguna de Rocha (Depto. de Rocha) entre octubre 2000 y noviembre 2001, siendo el gaviotín sudamericano la especie neárticas más abundante y la gaviota cocinera la especie residente más abundante.
Más recientemente, Caballero-Sadi (2009) realizó un estudio de aves acuáticas en la desembocadura del Arroyo Maldonado (34e54'37S-54e52'24W), Departamento de Maldonado entre mayo de 2007 y abril de 2008, donde registró 33 especies de aves y 12 familias, entre las que se destacaron la gaviota cocinera, el rayador (Rynchops niger), el biguá (Phalacrocorax brasilianus), la garza blanca chica (Egretta thula), el ostrero común, el tero (Vanellus chilensis) y el tero real (Himantopus himantopus), todas ellas registradas en el Estudio de Línea de Base.
Por último, Sarroca et al. (2006), encontraron un total de 61 especies y 28 familias en la costa de la ciudad de Montevideo (Punta Carretas-Arroyo Carrasco) entre octubre 2001 y octubre 2002, con una variación estacional en su composición y abundancia, destacándose la gaviota cocinera como la más frecuente y abundante.
A nivel regional, el sur de Brasil presenta un total de 83 especies de aves marinas y costeras (Vooren 1998). En particular, en la playa Cassino, RS, Brasil, fueron registradas 33 especies de aves entre mayo de 1982 y diciembre de 1986 (Vooren y Chiaradia 1990), incluyendo siete especies de gaviotines y tres de gaviotas. En la región sudeste de Buenos Aires, durante julio de 2005 y junio de 2006 se registraron 17 especies de aves y 11 familias, destacándose la gaviota capucho café y la gaviota cocinera.
Estas comparaciones demuestran que la riqueza de aves encontrada en la zona de estudio durante el Estudio de Línea de Base se encuentra dentro de los rangos observados para ambientes costeros de Uruguay y la región, considerando aun que el área de estudio relevada fue de una menor extensión de costa y mar y con un menor esfuerzo de muestreo (un mes de verano) en relación a los estudios comparativos. Esto último, podría indicar la posibilidad de encontrar una mayor riqueza en el área de estudio si se aumenta el esfuerzo de muestreo.
espanhol para inglês (Wageningen Agricultural University) espanhol para inglês (Universidad de la República (Facultad de Derecho)) inglês para espanhol (Wageningen Agricultural University) inglês para espanhol (UdelaR) espanhol para inglês (Anglo-Uruguayan Cultural Institute)
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Adobe Acrobat, Fluency, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word, Powerpoint, SDLX, Trados Studio, Wordfast
I am an Agricultural Engineer with a specialization in Soil Science, Water management and Forestry. My native language is Spanish and I have the FC degree from Cambridge University. Living in Holland for several years I obtained the Master of Science and the Doctor´s degree from the Wageningen Agricultural University. Every course, research work and publications were either in English or Spanish.
My Technical work started as a civil servant in the Ministry of Agriculture in Uruguay. Then during 8 years I worked as a Manager in the Research and Development Department of a Forestry Company with Head in USA. For this reason every technical document was written both in English and in Spanish. These included research papers in every subject related to Forestry production, environment and certification commitments, presentations in meetings and Congresses.
As a freelancer I work both in Translation, and as a Garden Designer. Together with my husband I run a nursery for native trees and ornamental plants production. The literature I consult for this subject is mainly in English
I can promise high quality translation work, and respect of deadlines. My rates can be flexible depending on type of work and on deadlines requested by the client.
Este associado ganhou pontos KudoZ por ajudar outros tradutores com termos de nível PRO. Clicar nos totais de pontos para ver as traduções de termos fornecidas.
Totais de pontos ganhos: 450 Pontos do nível PRO: 442
