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Espesor Torta
Preboleta
May 30, 2022 15:24
1 yr ago
43 viewers *
Spanish term

acoso sexual y hostigamiento sexual

Spanish to English Law/Patents Law (general) Delitos
La traducción se trata de estadísticas de antecedentes penales. ¿Cómo podría diferenciar el acoso sexual vs el hostigamiento sexual en inglés?
Proposed translations (English)
2 sexual assault and sexual harassment
5 sexual harassment and (sexual) victimization
4 sexual harassment and sexual molestation
3 +1 horizontal (lateral) sexual harassment and vertical sexual harassment
3 workplace sexual harassment by peers vs. (importuning) by superiors
References
What's the difference?

Discussion

Barbara Cochran, MFA May 30, 2022:
Yes, Indeed Some of the most notorious cases of workplace sexual harassment, which has gone on forever here in the US, and which, of course, will never end, have occurred out in Hollywood ("I'll make sure you become a star, if you.."), and in the White House, between presidents and starry-eyed, inexperienced-in-life young interns. A lot of American graduate school university students, who might be working on campus for a professor, get taken sexual advantage of that way, too, esp. by their guru psychology professors. It is estimated that 25% of psychology students sleep their way to their degree. That often has a very negative impact, psychologically speaking, on them, for more than one reason (like all forms of sexual harassment do). I thought that was what psychologists have always claimed to want to do away with in their patients. Not to mention that, in a lot of cases, it amounts to academic fraud, too. Obviously, these are all cases of abuses of power, even if the victim seems to have intially consented, which is the argument the abusers use in court, to discredit her/his victim.
Toni Castano May 30, 2022:
The key point is the hierarchical position (...) of both victim and perpetrator. The following document describes the Mexican context accurately. Sorry, it´s a PDF, I can´t copy the link:
https://appleseedmexico.org
usaid civil society activity - Appleseed Méxic
PROTOCOLS TO PREVENT AND RESPOND TO SEXUAL HARASSMENT AND WORKPLACE DISCRIMINATION WITHIN PARTNER CSOs OF THE USAID CIVIL SOCIETY ACTIVITY
(...)
1 It is key to note that within the Mexican legal framework, sexual harassment is divided into two different types with different legal implications: acoso sexual and hostigamiento sexual. Hostigamiento sexual takes place in the case of vertical power relations whereby sexual harassment is enacted by an individual who is higher in terms of their hierarchical level, using his or her position or authority to obtain satisfaction. Acoso sexual takes place in the case of horizontal power relations between individuals who are of the same hierarchical level, or the harassment is enacted by an individual of a lower hierarchical position than that of the victim. In this document, the distinction will be made by referencing the appropriate term in Spanish.
Barbara Cochran, MFA May 30, 2022:
Acoso Al Sitio De Empleo Quizás "work place harassment" sea demasiado especifico, también. Me parece que el contexto se refiere a más de un tipo de crimen de, o a todos los tipos de "sexual harassment", en general, quizás los cometidos contra los hombres, también.
Barbara Cochran, MFA May 30, 2022:
También creo que "molestation" sea demasiado especifico, lo mismo de "sexual assault".
Barbara Cochran, MFA May 30, 2022:
Estoy De Acuerdo Con Wilsonn He trovado también que los dos términos signican más o menos la misma cosa. Pero quizás se trata de un deseo de dar énfasis a la seriedad de, e a la multiplicidad de tipos del maltrato de las personas femininas que es asociada, de una u alta manera, con hombres abusivos. Pero no creo que se deba traducir estos términos usando "sexual assault", porque me parece demasiado especifico.
Toni Castano May 30, 2022:
@Wilsonn Hola, discrepo. La legislación mexicana sí establece una diferencia entre ambos tipos. La española, por ejemplo, distingue entre acoso, abuso y agresión sexuales. "Hostigamiento" no se usa en España.
Wilsonn Perez Reyes May 30, 2022:
Ruby: Hay un problema de origen en el texto fuente, ya que los dos términos son sinónimos.

Hostigamiento sexual (Derecho laboral). Sexual harassment (Sinónimo:) acoso sexual.

Fuente: West III. T. L. (2012) Spanish-English Dictionary of Law and Business 2e

Proposed translations

35 mins
Selected

sexual assault and sexual harassment

https://theconversation.com/whats-the-difference-between-sex...

Only low confidence, because the terminology varies across English-speaking jurisdictions, and across those of the Spanish-speaking world.

Note from asker:
Thanks!
Peer comment(s):
agree Ana Flávia Ribeiro
11 hrs
disagree Barbara Cochran, MFA : "sexual assault" is too specific, and there are the usual specific terms for it in Spanish, anyway
1 day 10 hrs
Something went wrong...
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
5 mins

sexual harassment and (sexual) victimization

https://www.linguee.com/spanish-english/translation/acoso y ...

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Note added at 7 mins (2022-05-30 15:31:47 GMT)
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Victim of the crime of sexual harassment. At least here in the US, sexual harassment has been a crime since 1986.

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Note added at 1 hr (2022-05-30 16:52:44 GMT)
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Sure thing. Saludos!

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Note added at 1 hr (2022-05-30 17:01:08 GMT)
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Of course, "stalking" could be a possibility, too, depending on what else the statistics are listed for in your source text.
Note from asker:
Thanks!
Something went wrong...
2 hrs

sexual harassment and sexual molestation

another version
Something went wrong...
+1
5 hrs

horizontal (lateral) sexual harassment and vertical sexual harassment

If indeed, as Phil and Toni have pointed to, the difference here is one of position (subordinated as opposed to non-subordinated coworkers), then I believe the terms used to describe these relationships are "vertical" and "horizontal").

"“Violence and harassment can be horizontal and vertical, from internal and external sources (including clients and other third parties and public authorities) – in the public or private sector, or in the formal or informal economy” 31 (ILO, 2016a, Appendix I, paragraph 4)."

"“Horizontal” or “lateral” violence refers to violence that occurs between supervisors or between workers, and “vertical” violence refers to violence that occurs between individuals in a relationship of hierarchy. "

"Most countries cover both vertical and horizontal sexual harassment. Some laws addressing workplace sexual harassment define it as perpetrated only by an employer, thus leaving a gap in protection for sexual harassment perpetrated by co-workers."

ILO Paper: Ending violence and harassment against women and men in the world of work, International Labour Conference, 107th Session, 2018
Peer comment(s):
agree Toni Castano : I´m not sure if a non-specialist can understand the distinction in English (horizontal, vertical), but I assume this is as technical as in the Mexican source, i.e. not easily comprehensible for laypeople.
11 hrs
Thanks, Toni!
Something went wrong...
7 hrs
Spanish term (edited): acoso sexual vs. hostigamiento sexual, Mex.

workplace sexual harassment by peers vs. (importuning) by superiors

I've changed the spin of my answers in the light of Toni C's disucsssion entry, though feel vertical- and horizontal-level sexual harassment have unfortunately literal connotations.

Note that I originally quoted this link to show the fallacy of conflation of the terms https://www.proz.com/kudoz/spanish-to-english/other/129237-e... -> el hostigamiento / el acoso sexual
English translation: sexual harassment.

Rebecca J.'s second link clearly shows a workplace scenario for acoso.

hostigamiento sexual - der lab/ derecho laboral sexual harassment : syn > acoso sexual, West.

Importuning: OED > 1. solicit (a person pressingly) 2. solicit for an immoral purpose.

Hostigamiento : pestering, Simon & Schuster.

I can't find any ES/EN/ES dictionary confirmation for the second term of importuning, including UNITERM, but first of all came to mind under the now repealed UK Sexual Offences Act 1956 and, secondly and more importantly, helps to contrast with the first from of 'peer-to-peer' harassment.

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Note added at 7 hrs (2022-05-30 22:45:10 GMT)
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he first form of peer-to-peer....
Example sentence:

Bahamas: The first is that sexual harassment is limited to importuning or soliciting sexual favours in exchange for some benefit in the *workplace*, or conversely importuning or soliciting some benefit in the workplace in exchange for sexual favours.

USA/Texas: Most likely, an importuning charge involves such a sex crime, and the worst would involve a *minor*. Texas law takes sex crimes against *minors* — those under age 18 — very seriously cf. \'grooming\' in the UK.

Reference:

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S014521342030257X

http://www.proz.com/kudoz/spanish-to-english/law-general/6418004-la-finalidad-última-del-acoso-moral.html

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Reference comments

2 hrs
Reference:

What's the difference?

There's one clear difference between these terms, and I don't feel any of the answers has addressed it. It's about abuse of power:

http://cuestione.com/nacional/las-diferencias-entre-acoso-y-...
Note from asker:
The source is Mexican Spanish and the target is US English. It is from Common Law Crime Incidence Statistics, they're two separate types of criminal offenses against sexual freedom and safety.
Peer comments on this reference comment:
agree Toni Castano : I´m also sure the difference does exist, otherwise the query wouldn´t just make sense. The problem I see here is one of the most usual at KudoZ. We don´t know the source and target countries for the translation.
18 mins
agree Robert Carter : Interesting, I've seen both terms used here in Mexico (not in the same sentence), but I hadn't noticed that difference before.
2 hrs
neutral Adrian MM. : This does not really add anything to Toni C's last discussion entry, and peer-to-peer harassment is not about abuse of power.
4 hrs
agree Manuel Aburto : Solo para reforzar la referencia de Phi:En México, la Ley General de Acceso de las Mujeres a una Vida Libre de Violencia define que el hostigamiento sexual ocurre de un jefe a una empleada subordinada, el acoso sexual, por su parte, se presenta en relacio
18 hrs
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